Maemo Wiki Mirror - User contributions [en]

SimpleGL example

2010-11-10T21:39:10Z

87.245.83.90: Source: http://talk.maemo.org/showthread.php?p=750107

This is a simple program demonstrating how to use [[OpenGL-ES#OpenGL_variants|OpenGL ES 2.0]]. It will output this animated spiral, which can be moved around on the screen:

[[Image:Egl-example_output.png]]

<source lang="cpp">
/* Created by exoticorn ( http://talk.maemo.org/showthread.php?t=37356 )
* edited and commented by André Bergner [endboss]
*
* libraries needed: libx11-dev, libgles2-dev
*
* compile with: g++ -lX11 -lEGL -lGLESv2 egl-example.cpp
*/

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

#include <cmath>
#include <sys/time.h>

#include <X11/Xlib.h>
#include <X11/Xatom.h>
#include <X11/Xutil.h>

#include <GLES2/gl2.h>
#include <EGL/egl.h>

const char vertex_src [] =
" \
attribute vec4 position; \
varying mediump vec2 pos; \
uniform vec4 offset; \
\
void main() \
{ \
gl_Position = position + offset; \
pos = position.xy; \
} \
";

const char fragment_src [] =
" \
varying mediump vec2 pos; \
uniform mediump float phase; \
\
void main() \
{ \
gl_FragColor = vec4( 1., 0.9, 0.7, 1.0 ) * \
cos( 30.*sqrt(pos.x*pos.x + 1.5*pos.y*pos.y) \
+ atan(pos.y,pos.x) - phase ); \
} \
";
// some more formulas to play with...
// cos( 20.*(pos.x*pos.x + pos.y*pos.y) - phase );
// cos( 20.*sqrt(pos.x*pos.x + pos.y*pos.y) + atan(pos.y,pos.x) - phase );
// cos( 30.*sqrt(pos.x*pos.x + 1.5*pos.y*pos.y - 1.8*pos.x*pos.y*pos.y)
// + atan(pos.y,pos.x) - phase );

void
print_shader_info_log (
GLuint shader // handle to the shader
)
{
GLint length;

glGetShaderiv ( shader , GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH , &length );

if ( length ) {
char* buffer = new char [ length ];
glGetShaderInfoLog ( shader , length , NULL , buffer );
cout << "shader info: " << buffer << flush;
delete [] buffer;

GLint success;
glGetShaderiv( shader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &success );
if ( success != GL_TRUE ) exit ( 1 );
}
}

GLuint
load_shader (
const char *shader_source,
GLenum type
)
{
GLuint shader = glCreateShader( type );

glShaderSource ( shader , 1 , &shader_source , NULL );
glCompileShader ( shader );

print_shader_info_log ( shader );

return shader;
}

Display *x_display;
Window win;
EGLDisplay egl_display;
EGLContext egl_context;

GLfloat
norm_x = 0.0,
norm_y = 0.0,
offset_x = 0.0,
offset_y = 0.0,
p1_pos_x = 0.0,
p1_pos_y = 0.0;

GLint
phase_loc,
offset_loc,
position_loc;

EGLSurface egl_surface;
bool update_pos = false;

const float vertexArray[] = {
0.0, 0.5, 0.0,
-0.5, 0.0, 0.0,
0.0, -0.5, 0.0,
0.5, 0.0, 0.0,
0.0, 0.5, 0.0
};

void render()
{
static float phase = 0;
static int donesetup = 0;

static XWindowAttributes gwa;

//// draw

if ( !donesetup ) {
XWindowAttributes gwa;
XGetWindowAttributes ( x_display , win , &gwa );
glViewport ( 0 , 0 , gwa.width , gwa.height );
glClearColor ( 0.08 , 0.06 , 0.07 , 1.); // background color
donesetup = 1;
}
glClear ( GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT );

glUniform1f ( phase_loc , phase ); // write the value of phase to the shaders phase
phase = fmodf ( phase + 0.5f , 2.f * 3.141f ); // and update the local variable

if ( update_pos ) { // if the position of the texture has changed due to user action
GLfloat old_offset_x = offset_x;
GLfloat old_offset_y = offset_y;

offset_x = norm_x - p1_pos_x;
offset_y = norm_y - p1_pos_y;

p1_pos_x = norm_x;
p1_pos_y = norm_y;

offset_x += old_offset_x;
offset_y += old_offset_y;

update_pos = false;
}

glUniform4f ( offset_loc , offset_x , offset_y , 0.0 , 0.0 );

glVertexAttribPointer ( position_loc, 3, GL_FLOAT, false, 0, vertexArray );
glEnableVertexAttribArray ( position_loc );
glDrawArrays ( GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 5 );

eglSwapBuffers ( egl_display, egl_surface ); // get the rendered buffer to the screen
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

int main()
{
/////// the X11 part //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// in the first part the program opens a connection to the X11 window manager
//

x_display = XOpenDisplay ( NULL ); // open the standard display (the primary screen)
if ( x_display == NULL ) {
cerr << "cannot connect to X server" << endl;
return 1;
}

Window root = DefaultRootWindow( x_display ); // get the root window (usually the whole screen)

XSetWindowAttributes swa;
swa.event_mask = ExposureMask | PointerMotionMask | KeyPressMask;

win = XCreateWindow ( // create a window with the provided parameters
x_display, root,
0, 0, 800, 480, 0,
CopyFromParent, InputOutput,
CopyFromParent, CWEventMask,
&swa );

XSetWindowAttributes xattr;
Atom atom;
int one = 1;

xattr.override_redirect = False;
XChangeWindowAttributes ( x_display, win, CWOverrideRedirect, &xattr );

atom = XInternAtom ( x_display, "_NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN", True );
XChangeProperty (
x_display, win,
XInternAtom ( x_display, "_NET_WM_STATE", True ),
XA_ATOM, 32, PropModeReplace,
(unsigned char*) &atom, 1 );

XChangeProperty (
x_display, win,
XInternAtom ( x_display, "_HILDON_NON_COMPOSITED_WINDOW", True ),
XA_INTEGER, 32, PropModeReplace,
(unsigned char*) &one, 1);

XWMHints hints;
hints.input = True;
hints.flags = InputHint;
XSetWMHints(x_display, win, &hints);

XMapWindow ( x_display , win ); // make the window visible on the screen
XStoreName ( x_display , win , "GL test" ); // give the window a name

//// get identifiers for the provided atom name strings
Atom wm_state = XInternAtom ( x_display, "_NET_WM_STATE", False );
Atom fullscreen = XInternAtom ( x_display, "_NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN", False );

XEvent xev;
memset ( &xev, 0, sizeof(xev) );

xev.type = ClientMessage;
xev.xclient.window = win;
xev.xclient.message_type = wm_state;
xev.xclient.format = 32;
xev.xclient.data.l[0] = 1;
xev.xclient.data.l[1] = fullscreen;
XSendEvent ( // send an event mask to the X-server
x_display,
DefaultRootWindow ( x_display ),
False,
SubstructureNotifyMask,
&xev );

/////// the egl part //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// egl provides an interface to connect the graphics related functionality of openGL ES
// with the windowing interface and functionality of the native operation system (X11
// in our case.

egl_display = eglGetDisplay( (EGLNativeDisplayType) x_display );
if ( egl_display == EGL_NO_DISPLAY ) {
cerr << "Got no EGL display." << endl;
return 1;
}

if ( !eglInitialize( egl_display, NULL, NULL ) ) {
cerr << "Unable to initialize EGL" << endl;
return 1;
}

EGLint attr[] = { // some attributes to set up our egl-interface
EGL_BUFFER_SIZE, 16,
EGL_RENDERABLE_TYPE,
EGL_OPENGL_ES2_BIT,
EGL_NONE
};

EGLConfig ecfg;
EGLint num_config;
if ( !eglChooseConfig( egl_display, attr, &ecfg, 1, &num_config ) ) {
cerr << "Failed to choose config (eglError: " << eglGetError() << ")" << endl;
return 1;
}

if ( num_config != 1 ) {
cerr << "Didn't get exactly one config, but " << num_config << endl;
return 1;
}

egl_surface = eglCreateWindowSurface ( egl_display, ecfg, win, NULL );
if ( egl_surface == EGL_NO_SURFACE ) {
cerr << "Unable to create EGL surface (eglError: " << eglGetError() << ")" << endl;
return 1;
}

//// egl-contexts collect all state descriptions needed required for operation
EGLint ctxattr[] = {
EGL_CONTEXT_CLIENT_VERSION, 2,
EGL_NONE
};
egl_context = eglCreateContext ( egl_display, ecfg, EGL_NO_CONTEXT, ctxattr );
if ( egl_context == EGL_NO_CONTEXT ) {
cerr << "Unable to create EGL context (eglError: " << eglGetError() << ")" << endl;
return 1;
}

//// associate the egl-context with the egl-surface
eglMakeCurrent( egl_display, egl_surface, egl_surface, egl_context );

/////// the openGL part ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

GLuint vertexShader = load_shader ( vertex_src , GL_VERTEX_SHADER ); // load vertex shader
GLuint fragmentShader = load_shader ( fragment_src , GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER ); // load fragment shader

GLuint shaderProgram = glCreateProgram (); // create program object
glAttachShader ( shaderProgram, vertexShader ); // and attach both...
glAttachShader ( shaderProgram, fragmentShader ); // ... shaders to it

glLinkProgram ( shaderProgram ); // link the program
glUseProgram ( shaderProgram ); // and select it for usage

//// now get the locations (kind of handle) of the shaders variables
position_loc = glGetAttribLocation ( shaderProgram , "position" );
phase_loc = glGetUniformLocation ( shaderProgram , "phase" );
offset_loc = glGetUniformLocation ( shaderProgram , "offset" );
if ( position_loc < 0 || phase_loc < 0 || offset_loc < 0 ) {
cerr << "Unable to get uniform location" << endl;
return 1;
}

const float
window_width = 800.0,
window_height = 480.0;

//// this is needed for time measuring --> frames per second
struct timezone tz;
timeval t1, t2;
gettimeofday ( &t1 , &tz );
int num_frames = 0;

bool quit = false;
while ( !quit ) { // the main loop

while ( XPending ( x_display ) ) { // check for events from the x-server

XEvent xev;
XNextEvent( x_display, &xev );

if ( xev.type == MotionNotify ) { // if mouse has moved
// cout << "move to: << xev.xmotion.x << "," << xev.xmotion.y << endl;
GLfloat window_y = (window_height - xev.xmotion.y) - window_height / 2.0;
norm_y = window_y / (window_height / 2.0);
GLfloat window_x = xev.xmotion.x - window_width / 2.0;
norm_x = window_x / (window_width / 2.0);
update_pos = true;
}

if ( xev.type == KeyPress ) quit = true;
}

render(); // now we finally put something on the screen

if ( ++num_frames % 100 == 0 ) {
gettimeofday( &t2, &tz );
float dt = t2.tv_sec - t1.tv_sec + (t2.tv_usec - t1.tv_usec) * 1e-6;
cout << "fps: " << num_frames / dt << endl;
num_frames = 0;
t1 = t2;
}
// usleep( 1000*10 );
}

//// cleaning up...
eglDestroyContext ( egl_display, egl_context );
eglDestroySurface ( egl_display, egl_surface );
eglTerminate ( egl_display );
XDestroyWindow ( x_display, win );
XCloseDisplay ( x_display );

return 0;
}
</source>

[[Category:Development]]
[[Category:Fremantle]]

SimpleGL example

2010-10-29T20:37:32Z

87.245.83.90: not needed

This is a simple program demonstrating how to use [[OpenGL-ES#OpenGL_variants|OpenGL ES 2.0]]. It will output this animated spiral, which can be moved around on the screen:

[[Image:Egl-example_output.png]]

<source lang="cpp">
/* Created by exoticorn ( http://talk.maemo.org/showthread.php?t=37356 )
* edited and commented by André Bergner [endboss]
*
* libraries needed: libx11-dev, libgles2-dev
*
* compile with: g++ -lX11 -lEGL -lGLESv2 egl-example.cpp
*/

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

#include <cmath>
#include <sys/time.h>

#include <X11/Xlib.h>
#include <X11/Xatom.h>

#include <GLES2/gl2.h>
#include <EGL/egl.h>

const char vertex_src [] =
" \
attribute vec4 position; \
varying mediump vec2 pos; \
uniform vec4 offset; \
\
void main() \
{ \
gl_Position = position + offset; \
pos = position.xy; \
} \
";

const char fragment_src [] =
" \
varying mediump vec2 pos; \
uniform mediump float phase; \
\
void main() \
{ \
gl_FragColor = vec4( 1., 0.9, 0.7, 1.0 ) * \
cos( 30.*sqrt(pos.x*pos.x + 1.5*pos.y*pos.y) \
+ atan(pos.y,pos.x) - phase ); \
} \
";
// some more formulas to play with...
// cos( 20.*(pos.x*pos.x + pos.y*pos.y) - phase );
// cos( 20.*sqrt(pos.x*pos.x + pos.y*pos.y) + atan(pos.y,pos.x) - phase );
// cos( 30.*sqrt(pos.x*pos.x + 1.5*pos.y*pos.y - 1.8*pos.x*pos.y*pos.y)
// + atan(pos.y,pos.x) - phase );

void
print_shader_info_log (
GLuint shader // handle to the shader
)
{
GLint length;

glGetShaderiv ( shader , GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH , &length );

if ( length ) {
char* buffer = new char [ length ];
glGetShaderInfoLog ( shader , length , NULL , buffer );
cout << "shader info: " << buffer << flush;
delete [] buffer;

GLint success;
glGetShaderiv( shader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &success );
if ( success != GL_TRUE ) exit ( 1 );
}
}

GLuint
load_shader (
const char *shader_source,
GLenum type
)
{
GLuint shader = glCreateShader( type );

glShaderSource ( shader , 1 , &shader_source , NULL );
glCompileShader ( shader );

print_shader_info_log ( shader );

return shader;
}

Display *x_display;
Window win;
EGLDisplay egl_display;
EGLContext egl_context;

GLfloat
norm_x = 0.0,
norm_y = 0.0,
offset_x = 0.0,
offset_y = 0.0,
p1_pos_x = 0.0,
p1_pos_y = 0.0;

GLint
phase_loc,
offset_loc,
position_loc;

EGLSurface egl_surface;
bool update_pos = false;

const float vertexArray[] = {
0.0, 0.5, 0.0,
-0.5, 0.0, 0.0,
0.0, -0.5, 0.0,
0.5, 0.0, 0.0,
0.0, 0.5, 0.0
};

void render()
{
static float phase = 0;
static int donesetup = 0;

static XWindowAttributes gwa;

//// draw

if ( !donesetup ) {
XWindowAttributes gwa;
XGetWindowAttributes ( x_display , win , &gwa );
glViewport ( 0 , 0 , gwa.width , gwa.height );
glClearColor ( 0.08 , 0.06 , 0.07 , 1.); // background color
donesetup = 1;
}
glClear ( GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT );

glUniform1f ( phase_loc , phase ); // write the value of phase to the shaders phase
phase = fmodf ( phase + 0.5f , 2.f * 3.141f ); // and update the local variable

if ( update_pos ) { // if the position of the texture has changed due to user action
GLfloat old_offset_x = offset_x;
GLfloat old_offset_y = offset_y;

offset_x = norm_x - p1_pos_x;
offset_y = norm_y - p1_pos_y;

p1_pos_x = norm_x;
p1_pos_y = norm_y;

offset_x += old_offset_x;
offset_y += old_offset_y;

update_pos = false;
}

glUniform4f ( offset_loc , offset_x , offset_y , 0.0 , 0.0 );

glVertexAttribPointer ( position_loc, 3, GL_FLOAT, false, 0, vertexArray );
glEnableVertexAttribArray ( position_loc );
glDrawArrays ( GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 5 );

eglSwapBuffers ( egl_display, egl_surface ); // get the rendered buffer to the screen
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

int main()
{
/////// the X11 part //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// in the first part the program opens a connection to the X11 window manager
//

x_display = XOpenDisplay ( NULL ); // open the standard display (the primary screen)
if ( x_display == NULL ) {
cerr << "cannot connect to X server" << endl;
return 1;
}

Window root = DefaultRootWindow( x_display ); // get the root window (usually the whole screen)

XSetWindowAttributes swa;
swa.event_mask = ExposureMask | PointerMotionMask | KeyPressMask;

win = XCreateWindow ( // create a window with the provided parameters
x_display, root,
0, 0, 800, 480, 0,
CopyFromParent, InputOutput,
CopyFromParent, CWEventMask,
&swa );

XSetWindowAttributes xattr;
Atom atom;
int one = 1;

xattr.override_redirect = False;
XChangeWindowAttributes ( x_display, win, CWOverrideRedirect, &xattr );

atom = XInternAtom ( x_display, "_NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN", True );
XChangeProperty (
x_display, win,
XInternAtom ( x_display, "_NET_WM_STATE", True ),
XA_ATOM, 32, PropModeReplace,
(unsigned char*) &atom, 1 );

XChangeProperty (
x_display, win,
XInternAtom ( x_display, "_HILDON_NON_COMPOSITED_WINDOW", True ),
XA_INTEGER, 32, PropModeReplace,
(unsigned char*) &one, 1);

XMapWindow ( x_display , win ); // make the window visible on the screen
XStoreName ( x_display , win , "GL test" ); // give the window a name

//// get identifiers for the provided atom name strings
Atom wm_state = XInternAtom ( x_display, "_NET_WM_STATE", False );
Atom fullscreen = XInternAtom ( x_display, "_NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN", False );

XEvent xev;
memset ( &xev, 0, sizeof(xev) );

xev.type = ClientMessage;
xev.xclient.window = win;
xev.xclient.message_type = wm_state;
xev.xclient.format = 32;
xev.xclient.data.l[0] = 1;
xev.xclient.data.l[1] = fullscreen;
XSendEvent ( // send an event mask to the X-server
x_display,
DefaultRootWindow ( x_display ),
False,
SubstructureNotifyMask,
&xev );

/////// the egl part //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// egl provides an interface to connect the graphics related functionality of openGL ES
// with the windowing interface and functionality of the native operation system (X11
// in our case.

egl_display = eglGetDisplay( (EGLNativeDisplayType) x_display );
if ( egl_display == EGL_NO_DISPLAY ) {
cerr << "Got no EGL display." << endl;
return 1;
}

if ( !eglInitialize( egl_display, NULL, NULL ) ) {
cerr << "Unable to initialize EGL" << endl;
return 1;
}

EGLint attr[] = { // some attributes to set up our egl-interface
EGL_BUFFER_SIZE, 16,
EGL_RENDERABLE_TYPE,
EGL_OPENGL_ES2_BIT,
EGL_NONE
};

EGLConfig ecfg;
EGLint num_config;
if ( !eglChooseConfig( egl_display, attr, &ecfg, 1, &num_config ) ) {
cerr << "Failed to choose config (eglError: " << eglGetError() << ")" << endl;
return 1;
}

if ( num_config != 1 ) {
cerr << "Didn't get exactly one config, but " << num_config << endl;
return 1;
}

egl_surface = eglCreateWindowSurface ( egl_display, ecfg, win, NULL );
if ( egl_surface == EGL_NO_SURFACE ) {
cerr << "Unable to create EGL surface (eglError: " << eglGetError() << ")" << endl;
return 1;
}

//// egl-contexts collect all state descriptions needed required for operation
EGLint ctxattr[] = {
EGL_CONTEXT_CLIENT_VERSION, 2,
EGL_NONE
};
egl_context = eglCreateContext ( egl_display, ecfg, EGL_NO_CONTEXT, ctxattr );
if ( egl_context == EGL_NO_CONTEXT ) {
cerr << "Unable to create EGL context (eglError: " << eglGetError() << ")" << endl;
return 1;
}

//// associate the egl-context with the egl-surface
eglMakeCurrent( egl_display, egl_surface, egl_surface, egl_context );

/////// the openGL part ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

GLuint vertexShader = load_shader ( vertex_src , GL_VERTEX_SHADER ); // load vertex shader
GLuint fragmentShader = load_shader ( fragment_src , GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER ); // load fragment shader

GLuint shaderProgram = glCreateProgram (); // create program object
glAttachShader ( shaderProgram, vertexShader ); // and attach both...
glAttachShader ( shaderProgram, fragmentShader ); // ... shaders to it

glLinkProgram ( shaderProgram ); // link the program
glUseProgram ( shaderProgram ); // and select it for usage

//// now get the locations (kind of handle) of the shaders variables
position_loc = glGetAttribLocation ( shaderProgram , "position" );
phase_loc = glGetUniformLocation ( shaderProgram , "phase" );
offset_loc = glGetUniformLocation ( shaderProgram , "offset" );
if ( position_loc < 0 || phase_loc < 0 || offset_loc < 0 ) {
cerr << "Unable to get uniform location" << endl;
return 1;
}

const float
window_width = 800.0,
window_height = 480.0;

//// this is needed for time measuring --> frames per second
struct timezone tz;
timeval t1, t2;
gettimeofday ( &t1 , &tz );
int num_frames = 0;

bool quit = false;
while ( !quit ) { // the main loop

while ( XPending ( x_display ) ) { // check for events from the x-server

XEvent xev;
XNextEvent( x_display, &xev );

if ( xev.type == MotionNotify ) { // if mouse has moved
// cout << "move to: << xev.xmotion.x << "," << xev.xmotion.y << endl;
GLfloat window_y = (window_height - xev.xmotion.y) - window_height / 2.0;
norm_y = window_y / (window_height / 2.0);
GLfloat window_x = xev.xmotion.x - window_width / 2.0;
norm_x = window_x / (window_width / 2.0);
update_pos = true;
}

if ( xev.type == KeyPress ) quit = true;
}

render(); // now we finally put something on the screen

if ( ++num_frames % 100 == 0 ) {
gettimeofday( &t2, &tz );
float dt = t2.tv_sec - t1.tv_sec + (t2.tv_usec - t1.tv_usec) * 1e-6;
cout << "fps: " << num_frames / dt << endl;
num_frames = 0;
t1 = t2;
}
// usleep( 1000*10 );
}

//// cleaning up...
eglDestroyContext ( egl_display, egl_context );
eglDestroySurface ( egl_display, egl_surface );
eglTerminate ( egl_display );
XDestroyWindow ( x_display, win );
XCloseDisplay ( x_display );

return 0;
}
</source>

[[Category:Development]]
[[Category:Fremantle]]